Prospects & Overviews Non-random autosome segregation: A stepping stone for the evolution of sex chromosome complexes?
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The teflon gene is required for maintenance of autosomal homolog pairing at meiosis I in male Drosophila melanogaster.
In recombination-proficient organisms, chiasmata appear to mediate associations between homologs at metaphase of meiosis I. It is less clear how homolog associations are maintained in organisms that lack recombination, such as male Drosophila. In lieu of chiasmata and synaptonemal complexes, there must be molecules that balance poleward forces exerted across homologous centromeres. Here we desc...
متن کاملMolecular characterization of teflon, a gene required for meiotic autosome segregation in male Drosophila melanogaster.
Drosophila melanogaster males lack recombination and have evolved a mechanism of meiotic chromosome segregation that is independent of both the chiasmatic and achiasmatic segregation systems of females. The teflon (tef) gene is specifically required in males for proper segregation of autosomes and provides a genetic tool for understanding recombination-independent mechanisms of pairing and segr...
متن کاملNon-Mendelian Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Inheritance and Atypical Meiotic Configurations are Prevalent in Hop.
Hop ( L.) breeding programs seek to exploit genetic resources for bitter flavor, aroma, and disease resistance. However, these efforts have been thwarted by segregation distortion including female-biased sex ratios. To better understand the transmission genetics of hop, we genotyped 4512 worldwide accessions of hop, including cultivars, landraces, and over 100 wild accessions using a genotyping...
متن کاملThe X to Autosome Expression Ratio in Haploid and Diploid Human Embryonic Stem Cells.
Ohno proposed that the expression levels of X-linked genes have been doubled to compensate the degeneration of Y-linked homologs during the evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes, but RNA sequencing in human somatic tissues showed no such upregulation for the vast majority of X-linked genes. Here we report that the X to autosome expression ratio equals ∼1 in haploid human parthenogenetic embryo...
متن کاملSex chromosome meiotic drive in hybrid males of the common shrew (Sorex araneus).
Patterns of sex chromosome segregation in six homozygous males of the common shrew (Sorex araneus LINNAEUS, 1758) belonging to two chromosomal races, as well as in 16 interracial hybrids were studied. Based on their karyotypes the hybrids can be subdivided into two groups: (a) complex heterozygotes, which form meiotic quadrivalents in chain and chain + ring configurations, and (b) complex heter...
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تاریخ انتشار 2017